In this post I want to discuss how I took these pictures of lightning and share some
tips that I discovered along the way.
I am an equal opportunity photographer; by that I mean I will take pictures of anything if I think it’s interesting. And what could be more interesting than lightning? Well recently I found myself in the middle of a very large thunderstorm with an abundance of thunder and lightning. I kept peeking outside and witnessing incredible lightning streaking through the Pennsylvania sky; so I grabbed my camera.
I had done some research about photographing lightning before but I had never had the chance to actually try it out before. The first complication with lightning photography is location. You have to either wait for a thunderstorm or you have to go find one. When you do find a lightning storm you need to find a relatively safe place to set up the camera and take pictures from. This presents a very difficult situation because you don’t want your camera to become drenched and you also don’t want the tripod to become a lightning rod… The other issue at hand is that by sheltering yourself you will likely be blocking off your view of the lightning.
I chose to set up right at the front door of my house with the door wide open. There I was reasonably protected from the rain because it was blowing away from the house and I was also able to have a relatively unobstructed view for about 180 degrees. In this scenario that was the best I could do. Luckily the lightning show was directly outside my front door making for potentially great pictures.
To take pictures of lightning, or pretty much anything else at night you have to have a sturdy lightning rod… I mean tripod. This enables you to frame the shot and keep the shutter open for long periods of time to capture the bolts of lightning.You will also need a camera capable of shooting in bulb mode (you can manually control how long the shutter is open), and preferably a wide angle lens, (I used a Canon 10-22mm). The trick to capturing lightning is anticipation and focus.
Lightning is very bright, while the rest of the sky is very dark… duh. So it is going to take a few shots to get the correct camera settings. Full manual mode is really the only way to take pictures like this. I am a big fan of manual and I use it 95% of the time when I’m photographing. The trick with lightning is to set the shutter to bulb, meaning that you control how long the shutter is open by pressing and releasing the shutter, and adjusting the aperture to compensate.
By setting the shutter to bulb you are able to open the shutter to capture a few bolts of lighting and then close it before too much lightning overexposes the image. This is very important because if you were to pick a regular time for the shutter instead of controlling it manually you would likely miss the lightning or get too much of it in one shot. So controlling the length of the shutter is one of the keys to lightning photography. The other key is aperture.
Aperture is how much light is let into the camera. Much like our pupils the aperture expands and contracts to let in the correct amount of light to expose the picture. For lightning photography an aperture of f8-f13 is probably a good starting point depending on how bright the lightning is. I captured these images at f6.3. Lightning is going to require specific settings each time you attempt to capture it so there are no definite rules or settings. The most important thing is to keep checking the pictures that you have taken. One important thing to mention is that you need to be very quick and efficient when viewing and adjusting your camera’s settings. If you take too much time looking at the pictures you will definitely miss great lightning strikes. It will always seem like the best lightning bolts were the ones you missed by looking at your camera…
Looking through the viewfinder is also not necessary for lightning photography. As long as you have framed the shot decently and focused manually either on a cloud or something farther away you can just watch the sky and
keep a finger on the shutter to take the picture. You need to be able to react very quickly and watch the lightning as your take each picture. If you let too much lightning in the shot it will be overexposed and you will lose any detail in the lightning. If you don’t let enough lightning/light into the camera the shot it will be dark and underexposed. So there is a fine line that you have to find each time you take a picture. Basically you are just crossing your fingers hoping that the big bolt of lightning that streaks across the sky will occur when you are taking a picture. As you take more and more pictures of the storm you will get a feel for how long you need to keep the shutter open. Basically I set my camera to expose for a brilliant bolt of lightning and keep taking pictures until I finally got one.
If you spend enough time taking lightning pictures you will get lucky and capture that big bolt streaking across the sky. I got lucky a few times but some my images were overexposed and too bright to be useable. So I adjusted the aperture to let in less light and I set my camera to capture those big bright bolts of light. Then it was all just waiting and trying to focus on the sky and not miss anything.
So the next time there’s a big lightning storm outside, instead of hiding under a blanket reach for your camera. But please be safe about taking pictures during a lightning storm. You don’t want to endanger your camera or your life.